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Adenosine-2'-monophosphate (2'-AMP) is converted by extracellular 2’,3'-CAMP. Adenosine-2'-monophosphate is further metabolized to extracellular adenosine (a mechanism called the extracellular 2’,3’-cAMP-adenosine pathway). Adenosine-2'-monophosphate inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α and CXCL10 production via A2A receptor activation [2].
2',3'-cGAMP (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP) is a endogenous cGAMP in mammalian cells. 2',3'-cGAMP binds to STING with a high affinity and is a potent inducer of interferon-β (IFNβ). 2',3'-cGAMP is produced in mammalian cells in response to DNA in the cytoplasm .
8-CPT-Cyclic AMP (8-CPT-cAMP) sodium is a selective activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). 8-CPT-Cyclic AMP sodium is also a potent inhibitor of the cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE VA) with an IC50 of 0.9 μM. 8-CPT-Cyclic AMP sodium also inhibits PDE III and PDE IV with IC50AMP sodium is a very high affinity for Epac and is a potent Epac activator [2].
2-Methylthio-AMP (2-MeSAMP) diTEA is a selective and direct P2Y12 antagonist. 2-Methylthio-AMP diTEA is an inhibitor of ADP-dependent platelet aggregation [2] .
AMP-Deoxynojirimycin (AMP-DNM) is a potent ceramide glucosyltransferase and GCase 2 inhibitor. AMP-Deoxynojirimycin also is a GlcCer biosynthesis inhibitor [2].
1,N6-Ethenoadenosine 5'-monophosphate (1,N6-Etheno-AMP) sodium is a highly fluorescent analog of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP). 1,N6-Ethenoadenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium is a powerful probe for systems involving adenosine 5'-monophosphate and can be detected at low concentration. 1,N6-Ethenoadenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium has long wavelength of excitation (250-300 nm), and emission at 415 nm [2].
AMP-PCP is an ATP analogue and can bind to Hsp90 N-terminal domain with a Kd value of 3.8 μM. AMP-PCP binding favors the formation of the active homodimer of Hsp90 .
Amp1EP9 is an antimicrobial peptide. Amp1EP9 is a powerful tool for developing potent and nontoxic antimicrobial agents. Amp1EP9 has the potential for the research of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections .
AMP-PCP disodium is an ATP analogue and can bind to Hsp90 N-terminal domain with a Kd value of 3.8 μM. AMP-PCP disodium binding favors the formation of the active homodimer of Hsp90 .
DOTA-4AMPis a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic DOTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. DOTA-4AMP can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
c-di-AMP (Standard) is the analytical standard of c-di-AMP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
Cyclic AMP (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate) sodium, adenosine triphosphate derivative, is an intracellular signaling molecule responsible for directing cellular responses to extracellular signals. Cyclic AMP sodium is an important second messenger in many biological processes [2] .
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
Narmafotinib (AMP-945) is an inhibitor of the enzyme focal adhesion kinase (FAK, KD=0.21 nM). Narmafotinib inhibits autophosphorylation of 397Y-FAK in MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50=7 nM and exhibits low general cellular toxicity (IC50=2.7 μM, MDA-MB-231 cells) [2].
8-Bromo-AMP (8-Bromoadenosine 5'-monophosphate) is a membrane permeable cAMP analogue. 8-Bromo-AMP can improve the ability of the heart to recover from ischemia and reperfusion by increasing the levels of ATP, ADP, and total adenine nucleotides [2].
Cyclic AMP (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate), adenosine triphosphate derivative, is an intracellular signaling molecule responsible for directing cellular responses to extracellular signals. Cyclic AMP is an important second messenger in many biological processes [2] .
Alloxazine is a selective A2b antagonist. Alloxazine completely block 5’N-Ethylcarboxamido adenosine (NECA)-mediated cyclic AMP accumulation with an IC50 of 2.9 μM. Alloxazine can be used for the research of cancer [2].
PKI (14-24)amide is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate [2].
PKI (14-24)amide TFA is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate [2].
2',3'-cGAMP sodium (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP sodium) is a endogenous cGAMP in mammalian cells. 2',3'-cGAMP sodium binds to STING with a high affinity and is a potent inducer of interferon-β (IFNβ). 2',3'-cGAMP sodium is produced in mammalian cells in response to DNA in the cytoplasm .
Adenosine monophosphate-d12(AMP-d12) dilithium is deuterium labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Sequosempervirin B, a norlignan isolated from the branches and leaves of Sequoia sempervirens, has antifungal properties. Sequosempervirin B has an inhibitory effect on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase .
Adenosine monophosphate- 13C10 (AMP- 13C10) dilithium is 13C-labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Adenosine 5′-monophosphoramidate sodium is an adenosine derivative and can be used as an intermediate for nucleotide synthesis. Adenosine 5′-monophosphoramidate has a significant effect on the accumulation of cyclic AMP .
Rifampicin-d11 (Rifampin-d11; Rifamycin AMP-d11)is the deuterium labeledRifampicin(HY-B0272) . Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities. Rifampicin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity [2].
β-Bag cell peptide is a neuroactive peptide. β-Bag cell peptide elevates cyclic AMP levels in the bag cell neurons. β-Bag cell peptide decreases the amplitudes of the voltage-dependent potassium currents .
[Asu1,6-Arg8]Vasopressin is an vasopressin agonist which potentiates cyclic AMP accumulation and ACTH release induced by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in rat anterior pituitary cells in culture [2].
Ibudilast (KC-404; AV-411; MN-166) is a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Ibudilast has platelet anti-aggregatory effects. Ibudilast can be used for the research of asthma for its inhibitory effects on tracheal smooth muscle contractility. Ibudilast may be a useful neuroprotective and anti-dementia agent counteracting neurotoxicity in activated microglia .
AMPD2 inhibitor 2 (compound 21) is a potent AMP deaminase 2(AMPD2) inhibitor with IC50s of 0.1 μM and 0.28μM for hAMPD2 and mAMPD2, respectively. AMPD2 inhibitor 2 has the potential for evaluating the physiological role of AMPD2 in mice maintained on a high fat diet .
NP213 TFA is a rapidly acting, novel, first-in-class synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), has anti-fungal activities. NP213 TFA targets the fungal cytoplasmic membrane and plays it role via membrane perturbation and disruption. NP213 TFA is effective and well-tolerated in resolving nail fungal infections [2].
SpHistin is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP). SpHistin can bind to LPS (HY-D1056) and permeabilize the bacterial membrane. SpHistin combined with Rifampicin (HY-B0272) and Azithromycin (HY-17506) promotes the intracellular uptake of the antibiotics and subsequently enhances the bactericidal activity of both agents against P. aeruginosa .
NP213 is a rapidly acting, novel, first-in-class synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), has anti-fungal activities. NP213 targets the fungal cytoplasmic membrane and plays it role via membrane perturbation and disruption. NP213 is effective and well-tolerated in resolving nail fungal infections [2].
Adenosine monophosphate- 15N5,d12 (AMP- 15N5,d12) dilithium is deuterium and 15N labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Magainin 2 (Magainin II) is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) isolated from the skin of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis. Magainin 2 displays antibiotic activity against numerous gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Magainin 2 also is active against protozoa . Magainin 2 exerts its cytotoxicity effects by preferential interactions with anionic phospholipids abundant in bacterial membranes [2].
Thanatin is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin is a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption [2].
Thanatin TFA is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin TFA s a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin TFA displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin TFA has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption [2].
2-Methylthioadenosine diphosphate trisodium is a potent purinergic P2Y receptors agonist, with EC50s of 19, 6.2, and 5 nM for human P2Y13, mouse P2Y13 and human P2Y12, respectively. 2-Methylthioadenosine diphosphate trisodium has pEC50s of 8.29 and 5.75 for human P2Y1 and rat P2Y6, respectively. 2-Methylthioadenosine diphosphate trisodium induces platelet aggregation and shape change, and inhibits cyclic AMP accumulation in platelets exposed to prostaglandin E1 [2] .
Adenosine monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5,d12 (AMP- 13C10, 15N5,d12) dilithium is 13C and 15N-labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities. Rifampicin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate is an adenosine A1 receptor agonist. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate has significant antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2.
8-Bromo-cAMP sodium (8-Br-Camp) sodium salt, a cyclic AMP analog, is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). 8-Bromo-cAMP sodium salt has anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects against cancer cells [2].
8-Bromo-cAMP (8-Br-Camp), a cyclic AMP analog, is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). 8-Bromo-cAMP has anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects against cancer cells [2].
GS 389 ((±)-O,O-Dimethylcoclaurine) is a tetrahydroisoquinoline. GS-389 inhibites Cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP dependent phosphodiesterases from rat atrial and ventricular tissue. GS-389 relaxes the contraction induced by phenylephrine and high K + in rat aortic rings .
cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMPP) functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators [2] .
Rifampicin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rifampicin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities. Rifampicin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM is a cyclic AMP analogue, selectively activates Epac-Rap signaling pathway. 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM protects renal function by activating Epac from ischemia injury. 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM also stimulates insulin secretion by interaction with PKA pathway [2].
Succinyladenosine, the metabolic product of dephosphorylation of intracellular adenylosuccinic acid (S-AMP) by cytosolic 5-nucleotidase, is a biochemical marker of adenylosuccinase (ASL) deficiency .
MB05032 is a special and efficacious gluconeogenesis inhibitor targeted the AMP binding site of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) with an IC50 value of 16 nM.
CD73-IN-7 is a potent inhibitor of CD73. CD73 can catalyze the production of adenosine from extracellular 5'-phosphate adenosine (5'-AMP), and adenosine can induce immunosuppressive effects and promote tumor proliferation and/or metastasis. CD73-IN-7 be used for preparing a medicament for tumor-related diseases (extracted from patent WO2022052886A1, compound 13) .
CD73-IN-8 is a potent inhibitor of CD73. CD73 can catalyze the production of adenosine from extracellular 5'-phosphate adenosine (5'-AMP), and adenosine can induce immunosuppressive effects and promote tumor proliferation and/or metastasis. CD73-IN-8 be used for preparing a medicament for tumor-related diseases (extracted from patent WO2022052886A1, compound 57) .
CD73-IN-9 is a potent inhibitor of CD73. CD73 can catalyze the production of adenosine from extracellular 5'-phosphate adenosine (5'-AMP), and adenosine can induce immunosuppressive effects and promote tumor proliferation and/or metastasis. CD73-IN-9 be used for preparing a medicament for tumor-related diseases (extracted from patent WO2022068929A1, compound 2) .
CD73-IN-11 is a potent inhibitor of CD73. CD73 can catalyze the production of adenosine from extracellular 5'-phosphate adenosine (5'-AMP), and adenosine can induce immunosuppressive effects and promote tumor proliferation and/or metastasis. CD73-IN-11 be used for preparing a medicament for tumor-related diseases (extracted from patent WO2022068929A1, compound 24) .
CD73-IN-10 is a potent inhibitor of CD73. CD73 can catalyze the production of adenosine from extracellular 5'-phosphate adenosine (5'-AMP), and adenosine can induce immunosuppressive effects and promote tumor proliferation and/or metastasis. CD73-IN-10 be used for preparing a medicament for tumor-related diseases (extracted from patent WO2022068929A1, compound 4) .
(+)-Medioresinol Di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is a lignan glucoside with strong inhibitory activity of 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) phosphodiesterase .
Prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2), an endogenous metabolite of Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2; HY-101988), is a potent PGD2 receptor (DP) agonist with Kis of 0.9 nM and 6.6 nM for hDP and hCRTH2, respectively. Prostaglandin J2 stimulates intracellular cyclic AMP production with an EC50 value of 1.2 nM. Prostaglandin J2 induces oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. Prostaglandin J2 induces the accumulation/aggregation of ubiquitinated (Ub) proteins. Prostaglandin J2 is highly neurotoxic and potentially contributes to many neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) [2] .
H-Lys-Trp-Lys-OH is a small molecule peptide which displays antibacterial and antiviral activities extracted from patent CN 104072579 A, Compound AMP12.
Uliledlimab is a potent against CD73 humanizedized monoclonal antibody. Uliledlimab inhibits the conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine. Uliledlimab can be used in research of cancer .
HA-1004 is a selective inhibitor of PKA, which can inhibit lipolysis and induce vascular relaxation. HA-1004 is also a dual inhibitor of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein, and is involved in smooth muscle, second messenger, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP regulation mechanisms. HA-1004 can be used as a vasodilator to inhibit the contraction of rabbit aortic strips, or to antagonize ERK and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) phosphorylation in morphine abstinence rat models [2] .
cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMPP) disodium functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP diammonium activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators [2] .
cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMPP) diammonium functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP diammonium activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators [2] .
H-89 is a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A) with IC50 of 48 nM and has weak inhibition on PKG, PKC, Casein Kinase, and others kinases.
Mycobactin-IN-2 (compound 49) is a mycobactin biosynthesis inhibitor against mycobacteria. Mycobactin-IN-2 binds to salicyl-AMP ligase (MbtA), a key enzyme in the mycobactin biosynthetic pathway .
FAAL-IN-1 (compound 32) is a selective inhibitor of fatty acyl-AMP ligase (FAAL), with a Ki of 0.7 μM for FAAL28. FAAL-IN-1 shows antimycobacterial activity .
Pseudin-2, an AMP thast could be isolated from the skin of the South American paradoxical frog Pseudis paradoxa, exert a potent growth inhibitory effect against Gram-negative bacteria .
Phensuximide is an orally active succinimide antiepileptic and anticonvulsant agent. Phensuximide inhibits cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP accumulation in depolarized brain tissue. Phensuximide can be used for the study of seizure and petit mal .
Mycobactin-IN-1 (compound 44), a pyrazoline analogue, is a mycobactin biosynthesis inhibitor against mycobacteria. Mycobactin-IN-1 binds to salicyl-AMP ligase (MbtA), a key enzyme in the mycobactin biosynthetic pathway .
Thalidezine is a novel activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Thalidezine can eliminate anti-apoptotic cancer cells through energy-mediated autophagy death. Thalidezine can be used to study apoptosis intervention .
G140 is a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), with IC50s of 14.0 nM and 442 nM for h-cGAS and m-cGAS, respectively. G140 has anti-inflammatory activity .
P-113 is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) derived from the human salivary protein histatin 5. P-113 is active against clinically important microorganisms such as Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., and C. albicans .
G150 is a highly selective human cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (h-cGAS) inhibitor with an IC50 of 10.2 nM. G150 represses dsDNA-triggered interferon expression, and G150 can be used for the research of inflammatory .
Kahweol is one of the consituents of the coffee from Coffea Arabica with anti-inflammatory anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancerous activities. Kahweol inhibits adipogenesis and increase glucose uptake by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Kahweol induces apoptosis.
2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage .
HNMPA is a membrane impermeable insulin receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. HNMPA inhibits serine and tyrosine autophosphorylation by the human insulin receptor. HNMPA has no effect on protein kinase C or cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activities [2]
SP-B peptide is an antimicrobial peptide. SP-B peptide has antifungal activity against strains of Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus
Aurein 2.6 is an antibiotic antimicrobial peptide. Aurein 2.6 is active against Gram-positive bacterial (MIC: 25, 25, 30, 25, 30 μM for M. luteus, S. aureus, S. epidermis, S. mutans, B. subtilis) [2].
Aurein 3.1 is an antibiotic antimicrobial peptide. Aurein 2.6 is active against Gram-positive bacterial (MIC: 80, 50, 50, 50, 50 μM for M. luteus, S. aureus, S. epidermis, S. mutans, B. subtilis) [2].
(S)-(+)-Rolipram ((+)-Rolipram) is a cyclic AMP(cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1100 nM. (S)-(+)-Rolipram can suppresse tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) production by human mononuclear cells [2] .
Fraxin isolated from Cortex Fraxini, is a glucoside of fraxetin and reported to exert potent anti-oxidative stress action , anti-inflammatory and antimetastatic properties. Fraxin shows its antioxidative effect through inhibition of cyclo AMP phosphodiesterase enzyme [2].
2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage .
Bucladesine calcium salt (Dibutyryl-cAMP calcium salt;DC2797 calcium salt) is a cell-permeable cyclic AMP (cAMP) analog and selectively activates cAMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) by increasing the intracellular level of cAMP. Bucladesine calcium salt acts as a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor.
PKI(5-22)amide is the active inhibitory fragment of the inhibitor of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). PKI(5-22)amide inhibits PKA activation, but fails to attenuate homologous desensitization of CRF1 receptors [2].
[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) is a derivative of somatosttin (1-28) with norleucine replacing methionine in position 8. [Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) increases the amylase release.[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) increases the cyclic AMP in pancreatic acini .
ORIC-533 is an orally active, selective CD73 inhibitor with AMP-competition. ORIC-533 restores immunosuppressed CD8+ T cell proliferation and activation, triggers significant lysis and cell death of multiple myeloma cells in the bone marrow microenvironment .
Bucladesine sodium salt (Dibutyryl-cAMP sodium salt) is a stabilized cyclic AMP (cAMP) analog and a selective PKA activator. Bucladesine sodium salt raises the intracellular levels of cAMP. Bucladesine sodium salt is also a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Bucladesine sodium salt has anti-inflammatory activity and can be used for impaired wound healing [2] .
Rifampicin-d8 (Rifampin-d8) is the deuterium labeled Rifampicin. Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities.
Rifampicin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Rifampicin. Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities[1][2].
Rifampicin-d4 is the deuterium labeled Rifampicin. Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities.
YPLP is a yeast-derived peptide Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro, which exhibits activity in anti fatigue mechanisms through the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)- and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. YPLP is orally active .
Aurein 2.2 is a major component of the skin secretion of L.aurea. Aurein 2.2 is an antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis[2].
Benzyl alcohol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzyl alcohol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol, a colorless liquid with a mild aromatic odor. Benzyl alcohol is an inhibitor of P450 enzyme. Benzyl alcohol mediated Toll-Like Receptor 4 to reduce the inflammatory response of liver injury in mice [2] .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
Epinecidin-1 (Piscidin-1 (22-42)) is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Epinecidin-1 has many functional usages including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties .
Epinecidin-1 (Piscidin-1 (22-42)) TFA is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Epinecidin-1 TFA has many functional usages including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) TFA is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) TFA has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
CysHHC10 is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), and exhibits strong anti-microbial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values of CysHHC10 against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis are 10.1 mM, 20.2 mM, 2.5 mM and 1.3 mM, respectively .
AMPK activator 11 is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator with nanomolelevel antiproliferation activities against several CRCs. AMPK activator 11 selectively inhibits the RKO xenograft growth along by activating AMPK and upregulating oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) ( mitochondrial metabolism ) and can be used for anti-tumor and metabolic disease research .
Dorsomorphin (Compound C) is a selective and ATP-competitive AMPK inhibitor (Ki=109 nM in the absence of AMP). Dorsomorphin (BML-275) selectively inhibits BMP type I receptors ALK2, ALK3, and ALK6. Dorsomorphin can reverse autophagy activation and anti-inflammatory effect of Urolithin A (HY-100599) [2].
IRAK4-IN-4 is an interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitor extracted from patent CN107163044A, Compound15, has an IC50 of 2.8 nM. IRAK4-IN-4 also inhibits cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) with an IC50 of 2.1 nM .
MOTS-c(human) acetate is a mitochondrial-derived peptide. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces the accumulation of AMP analog AICAR, increases activation of AMPK and expression of its downstream GLUT4. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces glucose uptake and improves insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c(human) acetate has implications in the regulation of obesity, diabetes, exercise, and longevity .
CysHHC10 TFA is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), and exhibits strong anti-microbial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values of CysHHC10 TFA against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis are 10.1 mM, 20.2 mM, 2.5 mM and 1.3 mM, respectively .
Poly(A) polymerase catalyzes the incorporation of ATP into the RNA 3' end in the form of AMP, that is, adding a polyadenosine tail at the RNA 3' end. Poly(A) polymerase increases RNA stability and increases mRNA translation efficiency in eukaryotic cells. Poly(A) polymerase has high tailing efficiency and can add 20-200 A bases to the 3' end of RNA [2].
TP4 (Nile tilapia piscidin) is an orally active piscidin-like antimicrobial peptide. TP4 inhibits multiple gram positive and negative strains (MIC: 0.03-10 μg/mL). TP4 shows hemolytic activities. TP4 enhances immune response, antioxidant activity, and intestinal health against bacterial infections. TP4 also has anti-tumor effect, and induces necrosis by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells [2] .
PP13 is an antimicrobial peptide, and is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria E.coli (MIC: 16.7 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 8.0 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 9.0 uM) .
PP102 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against gram-positive B. subtilis (MIC: 25 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 63 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23 uM) .
PP113 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, E.coli (MIC: 73.3 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 16.7 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23.3 uM) .
ICG-001 is an inhibitor of β-catenin/TCF mediated transcription. ICG-001 works by specifically binding to cyclic AMP response element-binding protein with an IC50 of 3 μM. ICG-001 selectively blocks the β-catenin/CBP interaction without interfering with the β-catenin/p300 interaction.
cGAS-IN-1 (compound C20) is a flavonoid and Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase (cGAS) inhibitor with IC50s of 2.28 μM (human cGAS) and 1.44 μM (mouse cGAS). Abnormal activation of cGAS is associated with a variety of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and cGAS-IN-1 has potential anti-inflammatory activity .
STO-609 is a selective and cell-permeable inhibitor of the Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK), with Ki values of 80 and 15 ng/mL for recombinant CaM-KKα and CaM-KKβ, respectively. STO-609 inhibits AMP-activated protein kinase kinase (AMPKK) activity in HeLa cell lysates with an IC50 ~0.02 g/ml.
Warangalone is an anti-malarial compound which can inhibit the growth of both strains of parasite 3D7 (chloroquine sensitive) and K1 (chloroquine resistant) with IC50s of 4.8 μg/mL and 3.7 μg/mL, respectively. Warangalone can also inhibit cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (cAK) with an IC50 of 3.5 μM.
EX229, a Benzimidazole derivative, is a potent and allosteric activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), with Kds of 0.06 μM, 0.06 μM and 0.51 μM for α1β1γ1, α2β1γ1 and α1β2γ1 in biolayer interferometry, respectively.
RU.521 (RU320521) is a potent and selective cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) inhibitor and inhibits cGAS-mediated interferon upregulation. RU.521 suppresses dsDNA-activated reporter activity with an IC50 of 0.7 μM. RU.521 reduces constitutive expression of interferon in macrophages from a mouse model of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) .
STO-609 acetate is a selective and cell-permeable inhibitor of the Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK), with Ki values of 80 and 15 ng/mL for recombinant CaM-KKα and CaM-KKβ, respectively. STO-609 acetate inhibits AMP-activated protein kinase kinase (AMPKK) activity in HeLa cell lysates with an IC50 ~0.02 g/ml.
Tubercidin (7-Deazaadenosine) is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces tubercidicus. Tubercidin inhibits the growth of Streptococcus faecalis (8043) with an IC50 of 0.02 μM . Tubercidin inhibits polymerases by incorporating DNA or RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis [2]. Tubercidin is a weak inhibitor of adenosine phosphorylase, and interferes with the phosphorylation of adenosine and AMP . Tubercidin has antiviral activity [2].
17-Phenyl-ω-trinor-PGE2 is a PGE2 (HY-101952) analog, which is an agonist for EP1 and EP3 receptor. 17-Phenyl-ω-trinor-PGE2 inhibits the PAF-induced aggregation of human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and Cicaprost (HY-19583) induced Cyclic AMP (HY-B1511) production .
Ibudilast-d7 is the deuterium labeled Ibudilast. Ibudilast (KC-404; AV-411; MN-166) is a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Ibudilast has platelet anti-aggregatory effects. Ibudilast can be used for the research of asthma for its inhibitory effects on tracheal smooth muscle contractility. Ibudilast may be a useful neuroprotective and anti-dementia agent counteracting neurotoxicity in activated microglia[1].
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate-d12 dilithium is deuterium labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage .
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 13C10 dilithium is 13C-labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 15N5 dilithium is 15N labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
Ibudilast-d7-1 is the deuterium labeled Ibudilast[1]. Ibudilast (KC-404;AV-411;MN-166) is a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Ibudilast has platelet anti-aggregatory effects. Ibudilast can be used for the research of asthma for its inhibitory effects on tracheal smooth muscle contractility. Ibudilast may be a useful neuroprotective and anti-dementia agent counteracting neurotoxicity in activated microglia[2].
Myelin Basic Protein (MHP4-14), a synthetic peptide comprising residues 4-14 of myelin basic protein, is a very selective PKC substrate (Km=7 μM). Myelin Basic Protein is not phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinases I and II, Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, or phosphorylase kinase, and can be routinely used for the assay of protein kinase C with low background in the crude tissue extracts [2].
GS-6201 (CVT-6883) is a selective adenosine A2B receptor antagonist. GS-6201 displays high affinity and selectivity for the human adenosine A2B receptors (Ki=22 nM) . GS-6201 reduces caspase-1 activity in the heart, and attenuates cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the mouse [2]. GS-62013 attenuates the airway reactivity induced by NECA, AMP, or allergen in sensitized mice .
Myelin Basic Protein (MHP4-14) TFA, a synthetic peptide comprising residues 4-14 of myelin basic protein, is a very selective PKC substrate (Km=7 μM). Myelin Basic Protein TFA is not phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinases I and II, Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, or phosphorylase kinase, and can be routinely used for the assay of protein kinase C with low background in the crude tissue extracts [2].
2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5 (disodium) is the 13C and 15N labeled 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium[1]. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage[2].
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5 dilithium is 13C and 15N-labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 15N5,d12 dilithium is deuterium and 15N labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
Adenosine monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5 is the 13C-labeled and 15N-labeled Adenosine monophosphate. Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction[1].
Balanol (Ophiocordin; Azepinostatin) is a potent and ATP competitive PKC/PKA inhibitor against human PKC isozymes α, β-I, β-II, γ, δ, ε, η (IC50s=4-9 nM) and ζ (IC50=150 nM). Balanol also blocks the phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS). Balanol can be isolated from the fungus Verticillium balanoides[2].
AMPK activator 8 (compound 2) is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator with EC50s of 11, 27, 4, 2, and 4 nM for rAMPK α1β1γ1, rAMPK α2β1γ1, rAMPK α1β2γ1, rAMPK α2β2γ1, rAMPK α2β2γ3, respectively. AMPK activator 8 can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes .
Adenosine monophosphate-13C10,15N5 (disodium) is the sodium salt form of Adenosine monophosphate-13C10,15N5. Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite that regulates energy homeostasis and signal transduction .
17-Phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGD2 (17-Phenyl-PGD2) is an analogue of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2; HY-101988). 17-Phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGD2 is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation caused by aenosine diphosphate (ADP), with the IC50 of 8.4 μM (PGD2IC50 = 18.6 nM). 17-Phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGD2 is a weak agonist of cyclic AMP accumulation .
[Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2, a novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) endogenous ligand, is a selective and competitive ociceptin receptor antagonist without any residual agonist activity. [Nphe1]nociceptin(1-13)NH2 binds selectively to recombinant nociceptin receptors (pKi=8.4) and antagonizes the inhibitory effects of nociceptin on cyclic AMP accumulation in CHO cells (pA2=6.0). [Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 has the potential to act as an analgesic agent .
[Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2, a novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) endogenous ligand, is a selective and competitive ociceptin receptor antagonist without any residual agonist activity. [Nphe1]nociceptin(1-13)NH2 binds selectively to recombinant nociceptin receptors (pKi=8.4) and antagonizes the inhibitory effects of nociceptin on cyclic AMP accumulation in CHO cells (pA2=6.0). [Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 has the potential to act as an analgesic agent .
LT175, a dual PPARα/γ ligand, is an orally active partial agonist against PPARγ(hPPARα:EC50=0.22 μm; mPPARα:EC50=0.26 μm; hPPARγ:EC50=0.48 μm). LT175 interacts with PPARγ and affects the recruitment of the coregulators cyclic-AMP response element-binding protein-binding protein and nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1). LT175 interacts with PPARγ in a hydrophobic region called “diphenyl pocket”. LT175 has potent insulin-sensitizing effects and reduced adipogenic properties .
IMM-H007 (WS070117) is an orally active and potent AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) activator and TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1) antagonist. IMM-H007 has protective effects in cardiovascular diseases via activation of AMPK. IMM-H007 negatively regulates endothelium inflammation through inactivating NF-κB and JNK/AP1 signaling. IMM-H007 inhibits ABCA1 degradation. IMM-H007 resolves hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed hamsters by the regulation of lipid metabolism. IMM-H007 can be used for the research of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and inflammatory atherosclerosis [2] .
1,N6-Ethenoadenosine 5'-monophosphate (1,N6-Etheno-AMP) sodium is a highly fluorescent analog of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP). 1,N6-Ethenoadenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium is a powerful probe for systems involving adenosine 5'-monophosphate and can be detected at low concentration. 1,N6-Ethenoadenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium has long wavelength of excitation (250-300 nm), and emission at 415 nm [2].
Cyclic AMP (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate) sodium, adenosine triphosphate derivative, is an intracellular signaling molecule responsible for directing cellular responses to extracellular signals. Cyclic AMP sodium is an important second messenger in many biological processes [2] .
AMP-PNP lithium hydrate is a non-hydrolyzable analog of ATP. AMP-PNP can replace ATP for biological research and is not hydrolyzed by intracellular enzymes. In the study of BtuCD-F, a vitamin B12 transporter, it was found that AMP-PNP can block the channel formed by the two BtuCDs of the BtuCD-F complex, thereby preventing the entry of vitamin B12 .
DOTA-4AMPis a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic DOTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. DOTA-4AMP can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
PKI (14-24)amide TFA is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate [2].
Amp1EP9 is an antimicrobial peptide. Amp1EP9 is a powerful tool for developing potent and nontoxic antimicrobial agents. Amp1EP9 has the potential for the research of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections .
PKI (14-24)amide is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate [2].
β-Bag cell peptide is a neuroactive peptide. β-Bag cell peptide elevates cyclic AMP levels in the bag cell neurons. β-Bag cell peptide decreases the amplitudes of the voltage-dependent potassium currents .
[Asu1,6-Arg8]Vasopressin is an vasopressin agonist which potentiates cyclic AMP accumulation and ACTH release induced by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in rat anterior pituitary cells in culture [2].
NP213 TFA is a rapidly acting, novel, first-in-class synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), has anti-fungal activities. NP213 TFA targets the fungal cytoplasmic membrane and plays it role via membrane perturbation and disruption. NP213 TFA is effective and well-tolerated in resolving nail fungal infections [2].
SpHistin is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP). SpHistin can bind to LPS (HY-D1056) and permeabilize the bacterial membrane. SpHistin combined with Rifampicin (HY-B0272) and Azithromycin (HY-17506) promotes the intracellular uptake of the antibiotics and subsequently enhances the bactericidal activity of both agents against P. aeruginosa .
Magainin 2 (Magainin II) is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) isolated from the skin of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis. Magainin 2 displays antibiotic activity against numerous gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Magainin 2 also is active against protozoa . Magainin 2 exerts its cytotoxicity effects by preferential interactions with anionic phospholipids abundant in bacterial membranes [2].
Thanatin is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin is a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption [2].
Thanatin TFA is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin TFA s a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin TFA displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin TFA has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption [2].
Pseudin-2, an AMP thast could be isolated from the skin of the South American paradoxical frog Pseudis paradoxa, exert a potent growth inhibitory effect against Gram-negative bacteria .
P-113 is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) derived from the human salivary protein histatin 5. P-113 is active against clinically important microorganisms such as Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., and C. albicans .
SP-B peptide is an antimicrobial peptide. SP-B peptide has antifungal activity against strains of Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus
Aurein 2.6 is an antibiotic antimicrobial peptide. Aurein 2.6 is active against Gram-positive bacterial (MIC: 25, 25, 30, 25, 30 μM for M. luteus, S. aureus, S. epidermis, S. mutans, B. subtilis) [2].
Aurein 3.1 is an antibiotic antimicrobial peptide. Aurein 2.6 is active against Gram-positive bacterial (MIC: 80, 50, 50, 50, 50 μM for M. luteus, S. aureus, S. epidermis, S. mutans, B. subtilis) [2].
FAM-SAMS is a biological active peptide. (5-FAM labeled HY-P0136. This FAM labeled peptide (Abs/Em = 494/521 nm) can be used as a substrate for 5-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in in vitro kinase assays.)
PKI(5-22)amide is the active inhibitory fragment of the inhibitor of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). PKI(5-22)amide inhibits PKA activation, but fails to attenuate homologous desensitization of CRF1 receptors [2].
[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) is a derivative of somatosttin (1-28) with norleucine replacing methionine in position 8. [Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) increases the amylase release.[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) increases the cyclic AMP in pancreatic acini .
YPLP is a yeast-derived peptide Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro, which exhibits activity in anti fatigue mechanisms through the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)- and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. YPLP is orally active .
Aurein 2.2 is a major component of the skin secretion of L.aurea. Aurein 2.2 is an antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis[2].
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
Epinecidin-1 (Piscidin-1 (22-42)) is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Epinecidin-1 has many functional usages including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties .
Epinecidin-1 (Piscidin-1 (22-42)) TFA is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Epinecidin-1 TFA has many functional usages including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) TFA is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) TFA has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
CysHHC10 is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), and exhibits strong anti-microbial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values of CysHHC10 against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis are 10.1 mM, 20.2 mM, 2.5 mM and 1.3 mM, respectively .
MOTS-c(human) acetate is a mitochondrial-derived peptide. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces the accumulation of AMP analog AICAR, increases activation of AMPK and expression of its downstream GLUT4. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces glucose uptake and improves insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c(human) acetate has implications in the regulation of obesity, diabetes, exercise, and longevity .
CysHHC10 TFA is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), and exhibits strong anti-microbial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values of CysHHC10 TFA against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis are 10.1 mM, 20.2 mM, 2.5 mM and 1.3 mM, respectively .
LKBtide is a biological active peptide. (This is a peptide substrate that is phosphorylated by Serine/Threonine kinase 11 (STK11), also known as LKB1. LKBtide is derived from sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1) protein kinase, which is normally activated by the LKB1/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway.)
TP4 (Nile tilapia piscidin) is an orally active piscidin-like antimicrobial peptide. TP4 inhibits multiple gram positive and negative strains (MIC: 0.03-10 μg/mL). TP4 shows hemolytic activities. TP4 enhances immune response, antioxidant activity, and intestinal health against bacterial infections. TP4 also has anti-tumor effect, and induces necrosis by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells [2] .
PP13 is an antimicrobial peptide, and is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria E.coli (MIC: 16.7 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 8.0 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 9.0 uM) .
PP102 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against gram-positive B. subtilis (MIC: 25 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 63 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23 uM) .
PP113 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, E.coli (MIC: 73.3 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 16.7 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23.3 uM) .
Myelin Basic Protein (MHP4-14), a synthetic peptide comprising residues 4-14 of myelin basic protein, is a very selective PKC substrate (Km=7 μM). Myelin Basic Protein is not phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinases I and II, Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, or phosphorylase kinase, and can be routinely used for the assay of protein kinase C with low background in the crude tissue extracts [2].
[Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2, a novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) endogenous ligand, is a selective and competitive ociceptin receptor antagonist without any residual agonist activity. [Nphe1]nociceptin(1-13)NH2 binds selectively to recombinant nociceptin receptors (pKi=8.4) and antagonizes the inhibitory effects of nociceptin on cyclic AMP accumulation in CHO cells (pA2=6.0). [Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 has the potential to act as an analgesic agent .
[Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2, a novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) endogenous ligand, is a selective and competitive ociceptin receptor antagonist without any residual agonist activity. [Nphe1]nociceptin(1-13)NH2 binds selectively to recombinant nociceptin receptors (pKi=8.4) and antagonizes the inhibitory effects of nociceptin on cyclic AMP accumulation in CHO cells (pA2=6.0). [Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 has the potential to act as an analgesic agent .
Uliledlimab is a potent against CD73 humanizedized monoclonal antibody. Uliledlimab inhibits the conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine. Uliledlimab can be used in research of cancer .
Adenosine-2'-monophosphate (2'-AMP) is converted by extracellular 2’,3'-CAMP. Adenosine-2'-monophosphate is further metabolized to extracellular adenosine (a mechanism called the extracellular 2’,3’-cAMP-adenosine pathway). Adenosine-2'-monophosphate inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α and CXCL10 production via A2A receptor activation [2].
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
c-di-AMP (Standard) is the analytical standard of c-di-AMP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses [2] .
Cyclic AMP (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate), adenosine triphosphate derivative, is an intracellular signaling molecule responsible for directing cellular responses to extracellular signals. Cyclic AMP is an important second messenger in many biological processes [2] .
2',3'-cGAMP sodium (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP sodium) is a endogenous cGAMP in mammalian cells. 2',3'-cGAMP sodium binds to STING with a high affinity and is a potent inducer of interferon-β (IFNβ). 2',3'-cGAMP sodium is produced in mammalian cells in response to DNA in the cytoplasm .
Sequosempervirin B, a norlignan isolated from the branches and leaves of Sequoia sempervirens, has antifungal properties. Sequosempervirin B has an inhibitory effect on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase .
Adenosine 5′-monophosphoramidate sodium is an adenosine derivative and can be used as an intermediate for nucleotide synthesis. Adenosine 5′-monophosphoramidate has a significant effect on the accumulation of cyclic AMP .
Magainin 2 (Magainin II) is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) isolated from the skin of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis. Magainin 2 displays antibiotic activity against numerous gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Magainin 2 also is active against protozoa . Magainin 2 exerts its cytotoxicity effects by preferential interactions with anionic phospholipids abundant in bacterial membranes [2].
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate is an adenosine A1 receptor agonist. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate has significant antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2.
GS 389 ((±)-O,O-Dimethylcoclaurine) is a tetrahydroisoquinoline. GS-389 inhibites Cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP dependent phosphodiesterases from rat atrial and ventricular tissue. GS-389 relaxes the contraction induced by phenylephrine and high K + in rat aortic rings .
Succinyladenosine, the metabolic product of dephosphorylation of intracellular adenylosuccinic acid (S-AMP) by cytosolic 5-nucleotidase, is a biochemical marker of adenylosuccinase (ASL) deficiency .
(+)-Medioresinol Di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is a lignan glucoside with strong inhibitory activity of 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) phosphodiesterase .
Prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2), an endogenous metabolite of Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2; HY-101988), is a potent PGD2 receptor (DP) agonist with Kis of 0.9 nM and 6.6 nM for hDP and hCRTH2, respectively. Prostaglandin J2 stimulates intracellular cyclic AMP production with an EC50 value of 1.2 nM. Prostaglandin J2 induces oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. Prostaglandin J2 induces the accumulation/aggregation of ubiquitinated (Ub) proteins. Prostaglandin J2 is highly neurotoxic and potentially contributes to many neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) [2] .
cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMPP) disodium functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP diammonium activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators [2] .
cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMPP) diammonium functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP diammonium activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators [2] .
Thalidezine is a novel activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Thalidezine can eliminate anti-apoptotic cancer cells through energy-mediated autophagy death. Thalidezine can be used to study apoptosis intervention .
Kahweol is one of the consituents of the coffee from Coffea Arabica with anti-inflammatory anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancerous activities. Kahweol inhibits adipogenesis and increase glucose uptake by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Kahweol induces apoptosis.
2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage .
Fraxin isolated from Cortex Fraxini, is a glucoside of fraxetin and reported to exert potent anti-oxidative stress action , anti-inflammatory and antimetastatic properties. Fraxin shows its antioxidative effect through inhibition of cyclo AMP phosphodiesterase enzyme [2].
2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage .
Benzyl alcohol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzyl alcohol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol, a colorless liquid with a mild aromatic odor. Benzyl alcohol is an inhibitor of P450 enzyme. Benzyl alcohol mediated Toll-Like Receptor 4 to reduce the inflammatory response of liver injury in mice [2] .
Warangalone is an anti-malarial compound which can inhibit the growth of both strains of parasite 3D7 (chloroquine sensitive) and K1 (chloroquine resistant) with IC50s of 4.8 μg/mL and 3.7 μg/mL, respectively. Warangalone can also inhibit cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (cAK) with an IC50 of 3.5 μM.
Tubercidin (7-Deazaadenosine) is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces tubercidicus. Tubercidin inhibits the growth of Streptococcus faecalis (8043) with an IC50 of 0.02 μM . Tubercidin inhibits polymerases by incorporating DNA or RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis [2]. Tubercidin is a weak inhibitor of adenosine phosphorylase, and interferes with the phosphorylation of adenosine and AMP . Tubercidin has antiviral activity [2].
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage .
Balanol (Ophiocordin; Azepinostatin) is a potent and ATP competitive PKC/PKA inhibitor against human PKC isozymes α, β-I, β-II, γ, δ, ε, η (IC50s=4-9 nM) and ζ (IC50=150 nM). Balanol also blocks the phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS). Balanol can be isolated from the fungus Verticillium balanoides[2].
NKG2A Protein, a crucial immune inhibitory receptor, forms a complex with KLRD1 on lymphocyte subsets for self-nonself discrimination. Recognizing HLA-E loaded with self-peptides, it monitors MHC class I expression in healthy cells, promoting self-tolerance. NKG2A transmits signals through ITIMs, recruiting tyrosine phosphatases to counteractivate receptors. As a key inhibitor on NK cells, it regulates their functions, distinguishing harmless from pathogenic antigens. In the tumor microenvironment, NKG2A acts as an immune inhibitory checkpoint, contributing to cell exhaustion. During viral infection, it inhibits NK cell cytotoxicity, facilitating viral immune escape. NKG2A-CD94 Heterodimer Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Flag) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived NKG2A-CD94 Heterodimer protein, expressed by HEK293, with N-Flag, N-8*His labeled tag. NKG2A-CD94 Heterodimer Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Flag), has molecular weight of 25-40 kDa.
AMP kinase β2 protein is the non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which regulates cellular energy metabolism. When a decrease in ATP levels is detected, AMPK activates energy-generating pathways and inhibits biosynthesis and cell growth. AMP Kinase β2 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived AMP Kinase β2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of AMP Kinase β2 Protein, Human (His) is 271 a.a., .
Gastrokine 1 protein exerts mitogenic activity, likely preserving the structural integrity of the gastric mucosal epithelium. Gastrokine 1 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is the recombinant human-derived Gastrokine 1 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Gastrokine 1 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is 165 a.a., with molecular weight of ~24 KDa.
The AK1 protein contributes to cellular energy dynamics by catalyzing the reversible transfer of terminal phosphate groups between ATP and AMP. In addition to its primary role, AK1 exhibits nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity, utilizing ATP or GTP as a phosphate donor to generate ATP, CTP, GTP, UTP, dATP, dCTP, dGTP, and dTTP. AK1 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is the recombinant human-derived AK1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-SUMO, N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of AK1 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is 194 a.a., with molecular weight of 37.6 kDa.
The adenylate kinase 1 (AK1) protein plays a crucial role in cellular energy homeostasis by maintaining the balance of adenylate nucleotides by catalyzing the reversible transfer of terminal phosphate groups between ATP and AMP. Adenylate Kinase 1/AK1 Protein, Rat (His) is the recombinant rat-derived Adenylate Kinase 1/AK1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of Adenylate Kinase 1/AK1 Protein, Rat (His) is 194 a.a., with molecular weight of ~23.8 kDa.
Adenylate Kinase 1/AK1 Protein is an adenylate kinase enzyme involved in energy metabolism and homeostasis of cellular adenine nucleotide ratios in different intracellular compartments. AK1 is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, brain and erythrocytes. It facilitates cellular energy dynamics by catalyzing the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. In addition, AK1 displays nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity. Adenylate Kinase 1/AK1 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived Adenylate Kinase 1/AK1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of Adenylate Kinase 1/AK1 Protein, Human (His) is 194 a.a., with molecular weight of ~23 kDa.
CREB3L1 protein is located on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and is converted into a transcription factor processing cyclic AMP response element binding protein 3-like protein 1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress or DNA damage, it translocates to the Golgi apparatus, is cleaved by S1P/MBTPS1 and S2P/MBTPS2, and releases a cytoplasmic domain that activates gene transcription in the nucleus. CREB3L1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived CREB3L1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of CREB3L1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 124 a.a., with molecular weight of 21-31 KDa.
The AK3L1 protein actively maintains cellular nucleotide homeostasis by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates. This multifunctional enzyme efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as a phosphate donor, and selectively phosphorylates AMP when utilizing GTP. AK3L1 Protein, Human (sf9) is the recombinant human-derived AK3L1 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with tag free. The total length of AK3L1 Protein, Human (sf9) is 222 a.a., with molecular weight of ~27 kDa.
The AK3L1 protein actively maintains cellular nucleotide homeostasis by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates. This multifunctional enzyme efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as a phosphate donor, and selectively phosphorylates AMP when utilizing GTP. AK3L1 Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST) is the recombinant human-derived AK3L1 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with N-His, N-GST labeled tag. The total length of AK3L1 Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST) is 222 a.a., with molecular weight of ~46 kDa.
ATF1 Protein, Human (His) expressed in E. coli with a His tag. ATF1 is a member of the ATF/CREB family of transcription factors (TFs), specifically interacting with the consensus ATF/CRE site ‘TGACGTCA’.
NUAK1; NUAK family, SNF1-like kinase, 1; NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1; AMP activated protein kinase family member 5; ARK5; KIAA0537; NuaK1; omphalocele kinase 1; AMPK-related protein kinase 5; AMP-activated protein kinase family member 5
The cGAS protein is a nucleotidyl transferase that crucially mediates innate immunity by catalyzing the formation of 2',3'-cGAMP from ATP and GTP upon binding to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). As a DNA sensor, cGAS detects exogenous and endogenous DNA, triggering STING1 activation and type I interferon production. cGAS Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived cGAS protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of cGAS Protein, Human (His) is 522 a.a., with molecular weight of ~58.9 kDa.
The AMPK gamma 1 is the AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial regulator of cellular energy metabolism. Activated by low ATP levels, it enhances energy production while suppressing biosynthetic processes and cell growth. The gamma subunit mediates AMP, ADP, and ATP binding, influencing AMPK activation or inhibition. Allosteric AMP binding activates the alpha subunit, while ADP stimulates phosphorylation, and ATP promotes dephosphorylation, rendering AMPK inactive. Additionally, AMPK modulates cellular polarity and interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2. AMPK gamma 1/beta 1/alpha 1 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST) is the recombinant human-derived AMPK gamma 1/beta 1/alpha 1 Heterotrimer protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells, with N-His, N-GST labeled tag. AMPK gamma 1/beta 1/alpha 1 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST), has molecular weight of ~38 & 40 & 95 KDa, respectively.
The AMPK gamma 1 is the AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial regulator of cellular energy metabolism. Activated by low ATP levels, it enhances energy production while suppressing biosynthetic processes and cell growth. The gamma subunit mediates AMP, ADP, and ATP binding, influencing AMPK activation or inhibition. Allosteric AMP binding activates the alpha subunit, while ADP stimulates phosphorylation, and ATP promotes dephosphorylation, rendering AMPK inactive. Additionally, AMPK modulates cellular polarity and interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2. AMPK gamma 1/beta 1/alpha 2 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST) is the recombinant human-derived AMPK gamma 1/beta 1/alpha 2 Heterotrimer protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells, with N-His, N-GST, N-10*His labeled tag. AMPK gamma 1/beta 1/alpha 2 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST), has molecular weight of ~40 & 42 & 95 KDa, respectively.
The AMPK gamma 1 is the AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial regulator of cellular energy metabolism. Activated by low ATP levels, it enhances energy production while suppressing biosynthetic processes and cell growth. The gamma subunit mediates AMP, ADP, and ATP binding, influencing AMPK activation or inhibition. Allosteric AMP binding activates the alpha subunit, while ADP stimulates phosphorylation, and ATP promotes dephosphorylation, rendering AMPK inactive. Additionally, AMPK modulates cellular polarity and interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2. AMPK gamma 1/beta 2/alpha 1 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST) is the recombinant human-derived AMPK gamma 1/beta 2/alpha 1 Heterotrimer protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells, with N-His, N-GST labeled tag. AMPK gamma 1/beta 2/alpha 1 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST), has molecular weight of ~35 & 37 & 95 KDa, respectively.
The AMPK gamma 1 is the AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial regulator of cellular energy metabolism. Activated by low ATP levels, it enhances energy production while suppressing biosynthetic processes and cell growth. The gamma subunit mediates AMP, ADP, and ATP binding, influencing AMPK activation or inhibition. Allosteric AMP binding activates the alpha subunit, while ADP stimulates phosphorylation, and ATP promotes dephosphorylation, rendering AMPK inactive. Additionally, AMPK modulates cellular polarity and interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2. AMPK gamma 1/beta 2/alpha 2 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST) is the recombinant human-derived AMPK gamma 1/beta 2/alpha 2 Heterotrimer protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells, with N-His, N-GST labeled tag. AMPK gamma 1/beta 2/alpha 2 Heterotrimer Protein, Human (sf9, His-GST), has molecular weight of ~35 & 37 & 95 KDa, respectively.
IL-15R alpha is a high affinity receptor for IL-15 (Kd: 100 pM). IL-15 is essential for the development and function natural killer (NK) cell, NKT cell and memory (m) CD8+ T cell. IL-15R alpha maintains memory CD8+ T cell homeostasis and lymphocyte development. IL-15R alpha/IL-15 complex can activate the antitumor functions of NK cells and CD8+ T cells. IL-15R alpha & IL-15 Fusion Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is a recombinant human IL-15R alpha (I31-D96) & IL-15 (N49-S162) fusion protein with a C-Terminal hFc tag, which is produced in HEK293 cells.
The cGAS protein is a nucleotidyl transferase that crucially mediates innate immunity by catalyzing the formation of 2',3'-cGAMP from ATP and GTP upon binding to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). As a DNA sensor, cGAS detects exogenous and endogenous DNA, triggering STING1 activation and type I interferon production. cGAS Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is the recombinant human-derived cGAS protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His, N-SUMO labeled tag. The total length of cGAS Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is 362 a.a., with molecular weight of ~58.3 kDa.
Adenosine monophosphate-d12(AMP-d12) dilithium is deuterium labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Adenosine monophosphate- 13C10 (AMP- 13C10) dilithium is 13C-labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Rifampicin-d11 (Rifampin-d11; Rifamycin AMP-d11)is the deuterium labeledRifampicin(HY-B0272) . Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities. Rifampicin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity [2].
Adenosine monophosphate- 15N5,d12 (AMP- 15N5,d12) dilithium is deuterium and 15N labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Adenosine monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5,d12 (AMP- 13C10, 15N5,d12) dilithium is 13C and 15N-labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.
Rifampicin-d8 (Rifampin-d8) is the deuterium labeled Rifampicin. Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities.
Rifampicin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Rifampicin. Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities[1][2].
Rifampicin-d4 is the deuterium labeled Rifampicin. Rifampicin is a potent and broad spectrum antibiotic against bacterial pathogens. Rifampicin has anti-influenza virus activities.
Ibudilast-d7 is the deuterium labeled Ibudilast. Ibudilast (KC-404; AV-411; MN-166) is a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Ibudilast has platelet anti-aggregatory effects. Ibudilast can be used for the research of asthma for its inhibitory effects on tracheal smooth muscle contractility. Ibudilast may be a useful neuroprotective and anti-dementia agent counteracting neurotoxicity in activated microglia[1].
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate-d12 dilithium is deuterium labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 13C10 dilithium is 13C-labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 15N5 dilithium is 15N labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
Ibudilast-d7-1 is the deuterium labeled Ibudilast[1]. Ibudilast (KC-404;AV-411;MN-166) is a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Ibudilast has platelet anti-aggregatory effects. Ibudilast can be used for the research of asthma for its inhibitory effects on tracheal smooth muscle contractility. Ibudilast may be a useful neuroprotective and anti-dementia agent counteracting neurotoxicity in activated microglia[2].
2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5 (disodium) is the 13C and 15N labeled 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium[1]. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage[2].
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5 dilithium is 13C and 15N-labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate- 15N5,d12 dilithium is deuterium and 15N labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (HY-W016009). 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.
Adenosine monophosphate- 13C10, 15N5 is the 13C-labeled and 15N-labeled Adenosine monophosphate. Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction[1].
Adenosine monophosphate-13C10,15N5 (disodium) is the sodium salt form of Adenosine monophosphate-13C10,15N5. Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite that regulates energy homeostasis and signal transduction .
ATF3 Antibody is an unconjugated, approximately 20 kDa, rabbit-derived, anti-ATF3 polyclonal antibody. ATF3 Antibody can be used for: WB, ELISA, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF expriments in human, mouse, and predicted: rat, chicken, dog, cow background without labeling.
AMPK beta 1 Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 30 kDa, targeting to AMPK beta 1. It can be used for WB,IHC-P,FC,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-ATF2 (Thr71) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 55 kDa, targeting to Phospho-ATF2 (Thr71). It can be used for WB,ICC/IF,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse.
CREB1; Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1; CREB-1; cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1
WB, IF-Cell, IF-Tissue, IHC-P
Human, Mouse, Rat
FMRP Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 71 kDa, targeting to FMRP. It can be used for WB, IF-Cell, IF-Tissue, IHC-P assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4; CREB-2; cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; DNA-binding protein TAXREB67
WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF, IP, FC
Human, Mouse, Rat
ATF4 Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 39 kDa, targeting to ATF4. It can be used for WB,IHC-P,ICC/IF,IP,FC assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
CREB1; Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1; CREB-1; cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1
WB, IHC-P, IP
Human, Rat
Phospho-CREB (Ser133) Antibody (YA209) is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 35 kDa, targeting to Phospho-CREB (Ser133). It can be used for WB,IHC-P,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Rat.
AMPK alpha Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 62 kDa, targeting to AMPK alpha. It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human .
AMPK alpha 2 Antibody (YA623) is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 62 kDa, targeting to AMPK alpha 2. It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Rat.
Phospho-AMPK alpha 2 (Thr172) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 62 kDa, targeting to Phospho-AMPK alpha 2 (Thr172). It can be used for WB assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
AMPK alpha 1 Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 64 kDa, targeting to AMPK alpha 1. It can be used for WB,IHC-P,ICC/IF,IP,FC assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-AMPK alpha 1 (Ser496) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 64 kDa, targeting to Phospho-AMPK alpha 1 (Ser496). It can be used for WB,IHC-P,ICC/IF assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
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